ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in patients with HIV (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infection, and analyze the relationship between Th17/Treg cytokines, CD4 + T lymphocytes and IRIS. Methods:HIV patients with TB infection admitted to Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu from June 2020 to June 2022 were divided into IRIS group (31 cases) and non IRIS group (93 cases) according to whether IRIS occurred after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The Demography data, clinical data and laboratory indicators of the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the influencing factors of IRIS in HIV patients with TB infection.Results:There was no significant difference in Demography data between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the history of opportunistic infection between the IRIS group and the non IRIS group (χ 2=5.194, P<0.05). The levels of HIV RNA, interleukin (IL)-17, and IL-23 in the IRIS group were higher than those in the non IRIS group (all P<0.05). The levels of the γ interferon (IFN- γ), the transforming growth factor-β (TGF- β) and baseline CD4 + T lymphocyte count were lower than those in the non IRIS group (all P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that IL-17 ( OR: 1.266, 95% CI: 1.095-1.464), IL-23( OR: 1.384, 95% CI: 1.120-1.710), and TGF- β( OR: 0.589, 95% CI: 0.436-0.797) were influencing factors for the occurrence of IRIS in HIV patients with TB infection (all P<0.05). Conclusions:For patients with high IL-17 levels, high IL-23 levels, and low TGF- β level of HIV complicated with TB infection, clinical prevention and control should be carried out as soon as possible to prevent the occurrence of IRIS.